Re: O apoio da europa a portugal
Enviado: 30/7/2020 16:14
Pata-Hari Escreveu:mais_um Escreveu:Pata-Hari Escreveu:Mais_um, onde se arranja dados sobre os diferentes sistemas contributivos na europa e no mundo? o que quero saber é que sistemas funcionam no esquema em que cada um desconta para a sua propria reforma, para o seu bolo pessoal, tipo singapura e (tenho quase a certeza absoluta) suécia.
A meu ver esse sim, é o esquema mais racional: cada um desconta obrigatoriamente para o seu bolo e recebe em função do que descontou. O bolo sobrante assegura a sustentabilidade de quem precisa mais, acumulado por morte do contribuidor e distribui por quem não chega aos rendimentos mínimos. por razões "legítimas".
É difícil encontrar um estudo comparativo, eventualmente a OCDE deve ter algo, pode é não estar actualizado mas é mais fácil conseguir país a país.
Deixo-te o da Suécia:
https://www.pensionsmyndigheten.se/othe ... componentsIncome pension
Every year, 16 per cent of your pensionable income and other taxable allowances are allocated to the income pension.
Pensionable income can consist of several types of income. In addition to pay, pensionable income can consist of, for example, income from business activities (self-employed), parental allowance, unemployment benefit and sickness benefit or disability compensation.
Premium pension
Every year, 2.5 per cent of your pensionable income and other taxable income is allocated to the premium pension. You choose for yourself if you wish to invest the money in funds you choose yourself or if you leave the money in the preselected government fund AP7 Såfa.The guarantee pension is part of the national public pension that you receive if you had little or no pensionable income during your life.
You may be entitled to a guarantee pension if you have reached the age of 65 and have a low or no income-based pension. If you have a low pension, you can apply for housing supplement and financial support for the elderly.
The age limit of 65 will probably be changed to 66 in 2023. To receive a full guarantee pension, it is a requirement that you have lived in Sweden for at least 40 years as from the year in which you reached the age of 16 up to and including the year in which you reach the age of 64. If you have lived in Sweden for a shorter period, the guarantee pension will be lower. It is reduced by 1/40 for each missing year.
If you have come to Sweden and received a residence permit as a refugee or person in need of protection, you may in some cases count your residence time from your former home country as an insurance period for a guarantee pension.
The guarantee pension is also reduced if you have an income-based pension. The reduction is applied gradually and means that no guarantee pension will be paid at all if the income-based pension is above a certain amount.
If you were born in 1937 or earlier, you may be entitled to guarantee pension. It then serves as compensation for changes that took place in the pension system in 2003.